ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSIES IN WOMEN WITH INFERTILITY, FOR THE DETECTION OF INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES

Abstract

Objective:
The endometrial biopsy in women who suffer from infertility is basically used to detect inflammatory processes, which might explain the failure of the embryonic implantation and enable an adequate treatment. Our purpose is to evaluate different alterations found in the endometrial mucous membrane in this chosen group.
Materials and methods:
For 4 years we have studied 228 endometrial biopsies in women with reiterated implantation failure, with an age range between 29 and 49 years old and an average of 37 years old. The biopsy was carried out with a Cornier Pipelle, between the days 7 and 11 of their cycle, during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle.
They were studied with the habitual histological technique, where the glandular morphology, the superficial epithelium and the glandular lining, the vascular and the stromal elements characteristics were classified. The presence of associated lesions was analyzed.
Results:
From the 228 endometrial biopsies studied, we found 99 with different lesions. 38 cases showed irregular or disordered proliferative endometrium, 4 endometrial polyps, 1 with noticeable signs of extrinsic compression, 2 with secretory endometrium of dissociated type, 21 with underdeveloped endometrium, 3 classic chronic endometritis and 30 cases of dense inflammatory infiltrate, predominantly limphocytic, without the presence of plasma cells.
Conclusion:
In most of the endometrial biopsies carried out in women who suffer from infertility, a histological alteration was not detected (56.3%), while in a significative number of them (43.7%) we found different types of lesions, which could be a possible cause of the reason of consultation. We noted 33 (14.5%) inflammatory processes, although only 3 (1.3%) met the morphological criteria to be categorized as endometritis. The other endometrial pathologies represented the 29.2% of our cases.
We are interested in prioritizing the endometrial biopsy to highlight probable morphological causes of infertility.